Population estimates indicate the size and growth of Australia’s population and how these are changing over time.

Data are sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) publication National, state and territory population.

Estimated resident population (ERP) is based on Census counts of usual residence (excluding short‑term overseas visitors), adjusted for undercount and Australian residents temporarily overseas. Population change is calculated by adding natural increase (births minus deaths) and net overseas migration to the population at the beginning of each period.

Estimates are updated quarterly and revised following the Census. During the COVID‑19 period, the ABS introduced more frequent revisions to overseas migration estimates to reflect changes in traveller behaviour and improve data quality.

See the ABS publication for more information, including data quality notes. Data for this visualisation are drawn from the National, state and territory population data downloads (Population and components of change – national; Components of population change – states and territories; Population – states and territories).