Population estimates indicate the size and distribution of Australia’s population by age and sex and how these are changing over time.

Data are sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) publication National, state and territory population.

Estimated resident population (ERP) is based on Census counts of usual residence (excluding short‑term overseas visitors), adjusted for undercount and Australian residents temporarily overseas. Population change is calculated by adding natural increase (births minus deaths) and net overseas migration to the population at the beginning of each period.

Estimates are produced quarterly and revised following the Census, with data based on the 2021 Census of Population and Housing.

See the ABS publication for more information, including data quality notes. Data for this visualisation are drawn from the National, state and territory population Data Explorer datasets (Quarterly Population Estimates (ERP), by state/territory, sex and age).